PT-141 (Bremelanotide)

▸ Overview

PT-141, also known as Bremelanotide, is a cyclic α-MSH analog approved by the FDA for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. It acts on the melanocortin receptors MC3R and MC4R in the central nervous system, increasing sexual desire.

▸ Mechanism of action

• A cyclic α-MSH analog that acts preferentially on the MC3R and MC4R receptors in the central nervous system.
• Unlike erectile-dysfunction drugs (sildenafil), it acts directly on the CNS rather than the peripheral vascular system.
• Activates brain circuits related to arousal and sexual desire in the hypothalamus and limbic system.
• Produces genital vasodilation through central pathways, improving the sexual response in men and women.
• It is the only FDA-approved drug (Vyleesi) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.
• Its action has a rapid onset (45–60 min) and does not depend on prior sexual stimulation, distinguishing it from other treatments.

▸ Administration

• Subcutaneous route: injection in the abdomen or thigh; the original research form.
• Approved subcutaneous auto-injector (Vyleesi): available for approved clinical use.
• Storage: refrigerate at 2–8 °C; do not freeze.

▸ Timing

• Administered 45 minutes to 1 hour before sexual activity in the approved use.
• Should not be used more than once every 24 hours.
• No specific fasting restrictions.

▸ Dosing & cycles

• Cycles: on-demand use (not chronic) is the approved schedule.
• No more than 8 uses per month according to clinical guidelines.
• The research dose varies by protocol.

▸ Combinations

• PT-141 + Melanotan II: a melanocortin combination for research on pigmentation and libido.
• Investigated in combination with other peptides in sexual-wellbeing protocols.

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